What device records ground movements caused by seismic waves?

The device that records ground movements caused by seismic waves is known as a seismograph. A seismograph is an essential instrument in the field of seismology, as it produces a permanent record of seismic activity. It consists of a sensor that detects ground motions in response to seismic waves generated by earthquakes, volcanic activity, or other ground disturbances.

The seismograph works by using a mass suspended on a spring; as seismic waves pass, the mass remains stationary while the ground moves beneath it. This relative motion is recorded on a rotating drum or digital recorder, creating a seismogram that illustrates the intensity and duration of the seismic event. Seismographs can provide critical information about an earthquake's epicenter, magnitude, and other characteristics, making them invaluable for both scientific research and public safety.

While other terms like seismometer and seismoscope are related to the detection and measurement of seismic activity, they may not specifically refer to the recording function that distinguishes a seismograph. Therefore, seismograph is the most accurate term for the device that captures and documents ground movements caused by seismic waves.