Which layer of the Earth is primarily composed of solid iron and nickel?

The inner core of the Earth is primarily composed of solid iron and nickel. This layer is located at the center of the Earth, beneath the outer core and surrounding the mantle. The extreme pressure found in the inner core causes the iron and nickel, despite being materials that can exist as liquids at lower pressures, to solidify.

The inner core is characterized by its high density and temperature, with conditions typically exceeding 5,000 degrees Celsius (9,000 degrees Fahrenheit). The solid state of the inner core is crucial as it contributes to the generation of Earth’s magnetic field through the movement of materials in the outer core. Understanding the composition and properties of the inner core helps in comprehending not only the structure of the Earth but also its geodynamic processes.