Which layer of the Earth is primarily involved in the creation of tectonic movement?

The mantle is primarily involved in the creation of tectonic movement due to its unique properties and behavior. The mantle is a thick layer of semi-solid rock located between the crust and the outer core. Its dynamics play a crucial role in the movement of tectonic plates that make up the Earth's surface.

Convection currents within the mantle generate heat from the Earth's interior, leading to the slow movement of material. These currents are caused by the heat from the inner core, which transfers energy to the outer mantle. As hot rock rises and cools, it creates flow patterns that drive the movement of tectonic plates situated on the more rigid crust above.

The tectonic plates themselves consist of both the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle, known as the lithosphere. This connection means that any movement in the mantle due to convection impacts the plates, causing them to shift, collide, or separate. This activity is responsible for various geological features and events such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and mountain-building processes.

In comparison, the crust is the outermost layer and is more rigid, acting as a surface layer over the mantle's dynamic activity. The outer core, which is composed of liquid iron and nickel, does not directly influence tectonic movements but