Which model of the universe assumes that the sun, moon, and planets all orbit Earth?

The geocentric model of the universe is characterized by the belief that Earth is at the center of the universe, with the sun, moon, and planets orbiting around it. This model was widely accepted in ancient times, particularly in early civilizations, and was largely influenced by the observations of astronomers such as Ptolemy. The geocentric perspective was predominant until the Renaissance when the heliocentric model proposed by Copernicus began to gain acceptance, which places the sun at the center of the solar system rather than Earth.

In the context of this question, the geocentric model accurately describes the arrangement of celestial bodies as believed by early astronomers and aligns with the assumption that Earth is the focal point of the universe. The other options, such as the heliocentric model, suggest a different configuration, with the sun at the center, while terms like exocentric and spherocentric do not refer to established models recognized in traditional astronomical theories. Hence, the correct answer is indeed the geocentric model.